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Author Alvarez-Miranda, E.; Campos-Valdes, C.; Quiroga, M.M.; Moreno-Faguett, M.; Pereira, J. doi  openurl
  Title A Multi-Criteria Pen for Drawing Fair Districts: When Democratic and Demographic Fairness Matter Type
  Year 2020 Publication Mathematics Abbreviated Journal Mathematics  
  Volume 8 Issue 9 Pages 27 pp  
  Keywords multi-criteria optimization; OR applications; malapportionment; districting; electoral system  
  Abstract Electoral systems are modified by individuals who have incentives to bias the rules for their political advantage (i.e., gerrymandering). To prevent gerrymandering, legislative institutions can rely on mathematical tools to guarantee democratic fairness and territorial contiguity. These tools have been successfully used in the past; however, there is a need to accommodate additional meanings of the term fairness within the electoral systems of modern democracies. In this paper, we present an optimization framework that considers multiple criteria for drawing districts and assigning the number of representatives. Besides some typical districting criteria (malapportionment and contiguity), we introduce novel criteria for ensuring territorial equilibrium and incentives for candidates to deploy their representation efforts fairly during their campaign and period in office. We test the method, which we denote as Multi-criteria Pen, in a recent and a forthcoming reform of the Chilean electoral system. The results show the potential of our tool to improve the current territorial design and offers insights on the motivations, objectives, and deficiencies of both reform plans.  
  Address [Alvarez-Miranda, Eduardo; Moreno-Faguett, Magas] Univ Talca, Fac Engn, Dept Ind Engn, Campus Curico, Curico 3341717, Chile, Email: ealvarez@utalca.cl;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Mdpi Place of Publication (up) Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2227-7390 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000580771600001 Approved  
  Call Number UAI @ alexi.delcanto @ Serial 1246  
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Author Campos-Valdes, C.; Alvarez-Miranda, E.; Quiroga, MM; Pereira, J.; Duran, FL. doi  openurl
  Title The Impact of Candidates' Profile and Campaign Decisions in Electoral Results: A Data Analytics Approach Type
  Year 2021 Publication Mathematics Abbreviated Journal Mathematics  
  Volume 9 Issue 8 Pages 902  
  Keywords Chilean parliamentary election; candidate profiles; campaign efforts; territorial deployment  
  Abstract In recent years, a wide range of techniques has been developed to predict electoral results and to measure the influence of different factors in these results. In this paper, we analyze the influence of the political profile of candidates (characterized by personal and political features) and their campaign effort (characterized by electoral expenditure and by territorial deployment strategies retrieved from social networks activity) on the electoral results. This analysis is carried out by using three of the most frequent data analyitcs algorithms in the literature. For our analysis, we consider the 2017 Parliamentary elections in Chile, which are the first elections after a major reform of the electoral system, that encompassed a transition from a binomial to a proportional system, a modification of the districts' structure, an increase in the number of seats, and the requirement of gender parity in the lists of the different coalitions. The obtained results reveal that, regardless of the political coalition, the electoral experience of candidates, in particular in the same seat they are running for (even when the corresponding district is modified), is by large the most influential factor to explain the electoral results. However, the attained results show that the influence of other features, such as campaign expenditures, depends on the political coalition. Additionally, by means of a simulation procedure, we show how different levels of territorial deployment efforts might impact on the results of candidates. This procedure could be used by parties and coalitions when planning their campaign strategies.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication (up) Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2227-7390 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000644524000001 Approved  
  Call Number UAI @ alexi.delcanto @ Serial 1377  
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