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Atkinson, J., & Escudero, A. (2022). Evolutionary natural-language coreference resolution for sentiment analysis. Int. J. Inf. Manage. Data Insights, 2(2), 100115.
Abstract: Communicating messages on social media usually conveys much implicit linguistic knowledge, which makes it difficult to process texts for further analysis. One of the major problems, the linguistic coreference resolution task involves detecting coreference chains of entities and pronouns that coreference them. It has mostly been addressed for formal and full-sized text in which a relatively clear discourse structure can be discovered, using Natural-Language Processing techniques. However, texts in social media are short, informal and lack a lot of underlying linguistic information to make decisions so traditional methods can not be applied. Furthermore, this may significantly impact the performance of several tasks on social media applications such as opinion mining, network analysis, sentiment analysis, text categorization. In order to deal with these issues, this research address the task of linguistic co-referencing using an evolutionary computation approach. It combines discourse coreference analysis techniques, domain-based heuristics (i.e., syntactic, semantic and world knowledge), graph representation methods, and evolutionary computation algorithms to resolving implicit co-referencing within informal opinion texts. Experiments were conducted to assess the ability of the model to find implicit referents on informal messages, showing the promise of our approach when compared to related methods.
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Carrasco, J. A., Harrison, R., & Villena, M. (2018). Interdependent preferences and endogenous reciprocity. J. Behav. Exp. Econ., 76, 68–75.
Abstract: This paper employs an indirect approach to formally examine the evolutionary stability of interdependent preferences when players randomly engage in pairwise interactions. Following the model specification for altruism and spitefulness in experiments proposed by Levine (1998), we also explore the stability of reciprocity and reciprocal preferences. In particular, we study how individuals equipped with intrinsic preferences such as altruism, selfishness or spitefulness adjust their behavior depending on who they interact with. The key aspect of our method is that behavioral preferences are choice variables that optimally evolve, accounting for strategic interaction. Our model predicts that in a specific economic framework characterized by negative externalities and strategic substitutes, there is a continuum of evolutionary stable interdependent preference profiles: At least one player behaves spitefully, and at most one acts selfishly. The emergence of altruism as an evolutionarily stable preference crucially depends on how large the support for preferences is. When players have reciprocal preferences, altruism might arise even in meetings where one player is intrinsically spiteful, but not necessarily from the intrinsically altruistic player.
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Chaigneau, S. E., Canessa, E., & Gaete, J. (2012). Conceptual agreement theory. New Ideas Psychol., 30(2), 179–189.
Abstract: For some time now, psychological inquiry on reference has assumed that reference is achieved through causal links between words and entities (i.e., direct reference). In this view, meaning is not relevant for reference or co-reference. We argue that this view may be germane to concrete objects, but not to diffuse objects (that lack clear spatio-temporal limits, thus preventing the use of direct reference in interactions). Here, we propose that meaning is the relevant dimension when referring to diffuse entities, and introduce Conceptual Agreement Theory (CAT). CAT is a mathematized theory of meaning that specifies the conditions under which two individuals (or one individual at two points in time) will infer they share a diffuse referent. We present the theory, and use stereotype stability and public opinion as case studies to illustrate the theory's use and scope. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Guzman, R., Harrison, R., Abarca, N., & Villena, M. G. (2020). A game-theoretic model of reciprocity and trust that incorporates personality traits. J. Behav. Exp. Econ., 84, 11 pp.
Abstract: We propose a game-theoretic model of reciprocity and trust that incorporates personality traits. In the model, positive and negative reciprocity are “reciprocal preferences:” parameters of heterogeneous utility functions that take into account the material welfare of others (positively if they have been kind, negatively if they have been hostile). Trust, on the other hand, is an individual bias that distorts probabilistic beliefs about the trustworthiness of others. Unlike typical game-theoretic models, our model provides an explanation for the heterogeneity of preferences and probabilistic beliefs: a person's personality traits determine both the parameters of his utility function and the magnitude of his beleif bias. We tested the model experimentally. Subjects completed a psychometric questionnaire that measures three personality traits: positive reciprocity, negative reciprocity, and trust. Subsequently, they played a sequential prisoner's dilemma with random re-matching and payoffs changing from round to round. From the subjects' psychometric scores and game behaviors we inferred the relationship between reciprocal preferences, belief biases, and personality. The results confirmed the hypotheses of the model.
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Rios, I., Larroucau, T., Parra, G., & Cominetti, R. (2021). Improving the Chilean College Admissions System. Oper. Res., 69(4), 1186–1205.
Abstract: In this paper we present the design and implementation of a new system to solve the Chilean college admissions problem. We develop an algorithm that obtains all applicant/program pairs that can be part of a stable allocation when preferences are not strict and when all students tied in the last seat of a program (if any) must be allocated. We use this algorithm to identify which mechanism was used in the past to perform the allocation, and we propose a new method to incorporate the affirmative action that is part of the system to correct the inefficiencies that arise from having double-assigned students. By unifying the regular admission with the affirmative action, we have improved the allocation of approximately 2.5% of students assigned every year since 2016. From a theoretical standpoint, we show that some desired properties, such as strategy-proofness and monotonicity, cannot be guaranteed under flexible quotas.
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