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Billi, M., Mascareno, A., Henriquez, P. A., Rodriguez, I., Padilla, F., & Ruz, G. A. (2022). Learning from crises? The long and winding road of the salmon industry in Chiloe Island, Chile. Mar. Pol., 140, 105069.
Abstract: The rapid development of salmon aquaculture worldwide and the growing criticism of the activity in recent decades have raised doubts about the capacity of the sector to learn from its own crises. In this article, we assess the discursive, behavioral and outcome performance dimensions of the industry to identify actual learning and lessons to be learned. We focus on the case of Chiloe Island, Chile, a global center of salmon production since 1990 that has gone through two severe crises in the last 15 years (2007-2009 ISAV crisis and 2016 red tide crisis). On the basis of a multi-method approach combining qualitative analysis of interviews and statistical data analysis, we observe that the industry has discursively learned the relevance of both self-regulation and the wellbeing of communities. However, at the behavioral and outcome performance levels, the data show a highly heterogeneous conduct that questions the ability of the sector as a whole to learn from crises. We conclude that detrimental effects for ecosystems and society will increase if learning remains at the level of discourses. Without significant changes in operational practices and market performance there are no real perspectives for the sustainability of the industry. This intensifies when considering the uneven responses to governance mechanisms. The sector needs to adapt its factual performance to sustainable goals and reflexively monitor this process. The first step for achieving this is to produce reliable data to make evidence-based decisions that align the operational dynamics of the entire sector with a more sustainable trajectory in the near future, as well as advancing towards hybrid and more reflexive governance arrangements.
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Little, C., Felzensztein, C., Gimmon, E., & Munoz, P. (2015). The business management of the Chilean salmon farming industry. Mar. Pol., 54, 108–117.
Abstract: This study reviews and explores the salmon farming industry management in an emerging economy context, in the light of environmental responsibility, restorative justice and moral reengagement. Strategic information were gathered, performing in-depth interviews with CEOs and other key senior executives, to analyze the managerial behavior regarding environmental care and moral engagement to industry production standards. The results reveal issues related to firms and government roles on setting industry standards and enforcing them. Firms required to be perceived as renewed in order to receive help from the government and convince the market on their IPOs. Government lack of technical strength and capacity to reestablish order forced the industry firms association to propose a new regulatory standard. But this new order seems not to be satisfactory and this industry will continue to be on the verge of a crisis. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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O'Ryan, R., & Pereira, M. (2015). Participatory indicators of sustainability for the salmon industry: The case of Chile. Mar. Pol., 51, 322–330.
Abstract: In this paper a methodological approach is proposed and applied to undertake a participatory process to obtain sustainable development indicators for the salmon sector in Chile including a common vision of sustainability for this industry. The selected indicators are a mix of bottom-up and top-down approaches, which capture the specific needs and perceptions of the different stakeholders related to salmon farming while allowing a high degree of international comparability. A detailed step by step description of the methodology allows understanding how to obtain acceptable social, economic and environmental indicators, a result that can be replicated in other natural resource based productive sectors that are common in developing contexts. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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